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Kanda 1 of 7 · 77 sargas

बालकाण्ड

Book of Childhood

Bāla-kāṇḍa

Setting: Ayodhya and the forest hermitages of Vishwamitra

Central figure: The young Rama with Vishwamitra and Lakshmana

Kanda summary

The Ramayana opens with sage Valmiki receiving the story from Narada and being inspired to compose it in verse. Dasharatha, childless king of Ayodhya, performs the Putrakameshthi yajna; Rama, Lakshmana, Bharata and Shatrughna are born. Sage Vishwamitra takes the young Rama and Lakshmana to protect his yajna — Rama kills Tataka, subdues Maricha and Subahu, lifts and breaks Shiva's bow at Janaka's court, and weds Sita. The kanda closes with Rama's wedding procession returning to Ayodhya.

Key episodes

  • Birth of Rama, Lakshmana, Bharata, Shatrughna
  • Vishwamitra's yajna protection
  • Slaying of demoness Tataka
  • Liberation of Ahalya
  • Sita-Rama swayamvara — breaking of Shiva Dhanush
  • Confrontation with Parashurama

Central teaching

Dharma begins with discipleship, devotion to elders, and the courage to act when called.

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